About dotless printing

At present, whether it is traditional Chinese paintings, oil paintings, or advertising paintings, as long as it is carried out with layers, especially the color of the skin that expresses the screen, color separation and screen printing are used. The screens are offset, gravure, and flexo (flexographic). Copy from the printing, but there is also a version of the Muara, woodcut watermarks, screen printing dotless printing.

1 dot printing

There are two kinds of dot printing that represent the color image hierarchy:

1.1 AM Screen Printing

In the unit area, the depth and depth of the image are represented by the size of the dot, but it has a weakness that is prone to moire.

1.2 FM network screen printing

With the increase of computer computing capabilities, FM network screening technology has emerged. FM screening technology is consistent in the size of the network within the unit area. The number of network points is used to represent the dark and light levels of the image. The FM network is basically solved. The problem of moire.

Whether the above two screening methods use offset printing, gravure printing, letterpress printing, or screen printing, the level of image representation cannot be separated from the outlets. Look at the printed matter with a magnifying glass, whether it is the AM screening technology or the FM network. Thanks to the screening technology, outlets are clearly visible on the replicas, so they are certainly replicas, and they cannot be made in any way.

2 No dot-level printing

No dot-level printing, there are currently three ways: Fei Luo printing, woodcut watermark printing, silk screen printing.

2.1 Feiluo printing

The Milo printing is a kind of early photolithography technology invented. It uses glass for plate printing, also known as glass printing. Its craft is:

2.1.1 Grinding glass

The smooth side of the 10 mm thick glass was ground, cleaned and dried and then primed.

2.1.2 Coating

The ground glass is then coated with a mixture of sodium silicate and protein solution and the liquid is used as a primer layer, dried, and coated with a photo resist.

2.1.3 Photosensitive adhesive

Apply a layer of dichromate and alum enamel to the bottom layer on a dry bottom layer, and then dry. The drying temperature is between 40°C and 60°C. When drying, the photoresist will produce fine Wrinkles.

2.1.4 printing plate

Consecutively adjusted negative film and photosensitive film close exposure development. The unexposed photoresist was washed away during development and a water-absorbing layer was formed during printing. The light-sensitive part of the photosensitive adhesive, due to different levels of sensitive photosensitive photosensitive depth is also different, the thickness of the ink-absorbing layer is not the same.

2.1.5 Printing

Printed on a dedicated platform with a stencil printing press. The structure is a round-flat type, with a roller inking. The applied ink requires good fluidity and low viscosity.

Because the Feiluo printing is a negative film printing plate, the greater the amount of light on the plate image, the larger the hardened layer, the more wrinkles, the more ink is attached, and the darker the color is when printing. On the contrary, the brighter it is.

Although Minami printing is recognized as a dotless printing method in the world, it is difficult to copy fine images due to insufficient level of detail. In Japan, there is also a print version of the Jeollas. Only prints such as certificates are made.

2.2 Woodcut Watermark Printing

The woodcut watermark is an invention created by our country and is my traditional printing method. It is recognized in the world and its process is:

2.2.1 trace (color separation).

(1) When enveloping, mask the transparent and impervious paper on the original, and then copy the picture to the film.

(2) The gannet paper is then smeared into a film on the manuscript, and the color is separated according to different hue. The dots, lines, blocks, inscriptions, seals, and picture layers are each described as a piece of manuscript. How many shades of the original artwork are described in the number of drafts.

The technicians (some painters) who undertake sketching not only must have high painting skills, but also must have profound knowledge of Chinese painting. When making a sketch, you need to make decisions about how the original is shaded, the painter's style and artistic characteristics, and the size of the screen.

2.2.2 Carving wood version

After the manuscript is posted on a wooden board, it can be carved and plated after being solidified. Each manuscript is carved into a wooden board, and tens or even hundreds of plates are required to print a picture. The sculptors must be familiar with the paintings and paintings of ancient and modern times. They must be able to understand the original works carefully and to be able to sculpt their lines and levels in a confident manner.

2.2.3 Printing

Carved wood engravings in sequence. The method is to first brush the ink on the protruding portion of the woodblock (that is, the screen portion), then lay the rice paper on it, and then hold the brush to print on the rice paper. How many pieces of woodblock were printed on this rice paper, and the final product was made.

But brushing is not an easy task. It requires the brusher to be familiar with the technique of painting. Before brushing, it is necessary to analyze the speed, slowness, lightness, and weight of the original pen, and use the thick, light, dry, and wet colors. Different, in the brush printing process, but also according to the original rendering touch-up, etc., while brushing the side with a brush and then properly processed, so that brush prints reproduce the original ink characteristics.

2.3 Screen printing

Screen-level printing can be done without copying Chinese paintings, oil paintings, and advertising paintings. The process method:

2.3.1 Layer separation of originals

Separate the originals from the computer by different levels of yellow, blue, green, and black. If you can divide each color into 10 levels, you can separate 10 different levels of negatives for each color.

2.3.2 screen printing version

40 negatives are numbered into 40 screen printing plates. The requirements of this printing process on the tension of the stretch net, the selection of the screen, the coating of the photosensitive adhesive, the exposure time, the development and the like should be basically the same as the requirements for screen printing to make a fine screen.

2.3.3 Printing

According to the screen printing number of the different layers of the film drying out, in order to print, this printing method is called layer printing, someone called ladder printing, the actual level is printed from shallow to deep layer by layer. It can not only achieve the purpose of the performance level, but also achieves no dot-printing, which can be used as a real thing. For example, copying ancient paintings in France in this way gives true artistic value. French oil painters entrusted their own oil paintings to screen printing companies. After printing and copying at the silk screen level, they were signed by the painters to make them valuable for collection.

3 Screen printing at the level of printing will be the development direction of future dotless printing

The offset printing, gravure printing, embossing, and screen printing of the above-mentioned FM network outlets can not be promoted because the replicas have outlets. However, the use of non-website printing of the ROLAND has limited levels, limited space, and less print. It is gradually being eliminated.

Although woodcut watermark copy images can achieve real effects, they have a long production cycle, less printing, and high cost. However, the process of sketching, adjusting and printing is complicated and the manual operation has many ingredients. Although the technicians are experts, each The color tone is also difficult to achieve the same, it is easy to cause color cast, at the same time there is also overprinting is not allowed. Deformation and other issues.

In the final analysis, the competition of printing companies is based on science and technology and talents. The continuous application of new technologies, new processes, new materials, and new equipment by screen printing companies has brought about rapid development of screen printing technology.

Since the screen-printing layer uses modern tools such as computers to analyze originals, scan originals layer by layer, and output layered negatives, and then prints through the silk screen version and layered printing, the copied handicrafts are highly accurate and rich in detail. The reproducibility is good, not only can it be compared with the dot-printing glue product, but also can be compared with the no-point-of-the-half version and the woodcut watermark.

Nowadays, due to the increase in the collection of works of art and the continuous improvement of the appreciation ability, it is particularly love for the genuine products of ancient paintings and oil paintings, and there is often only one genuine product. How can we satisfy people's needs? In comparison, only screen-level (no dot) printing can make images delicate, rich in layers, strong in three-dimensional sense, and thick and thin ink layers. Offset printing is generally 3-4 um, and the thickness of screen printing ink layers can reach several tens. Micron, can make the image prominence, especially for the oil painting can truly maintain the original artistic charm, to maximize the effect of the original, so that the screen printing technology dotless printing will be the future direction of replication of Chinese painting, ink development.