The first thing to be clear is that there are two types of devices: the protector and the descender. The protector can be lowered in addition to the protection, but the descender may not be able to protect in addition to falling.
At present, we have used three types of descent and protectors, such as the "8" ring, ATC and mechanical brakes.
1. "8" word ring protector
The “8†type ring protector is the most common protector descender. Its feature is that it does not have complicated mechanical mechanisms and it will not cause mechanical failure when it is used. The "8" ring is also relatively simple to use. It is a symmetrical closed metal ring. There is no difference between the brake end and the climbing end. Simply follow the usual method when loading the rope. The different shapes are designed for adjusting the angle of deformation of the rope and increasing the size of the friction, such as C-type and D-type.
Use: The diameter of the “8†ring is not particularly high for the rope used, and the applicable range is relatively large. For example, the "8" ring of type A can be used to fit a rope of 8.3mm or more. Conversely, a small ring of type A is suitable for ropes up to 8.3mm.
2. ATC protector descender
ATC is the most widely used class of protector descenders in addition to the "8" sub-ring in recent years. It is much simpler than the structure of the mechanical protector and the operation is as simple as the "8" ring. However, the biggest advantage compared with the "8" ring is that the rope is not easily deformed after being over-locked, resulting in curling. In addition, ATC is based on the brake end pressure to generate rope type and increase the friction, so ATC moves both the brake end and the climbing end. When attaching the rope, pay attention to the rope direction required by the legend on the protector.
In terms of use: ATC has stricter requirements on the diameter of the rope used than the "8" ring, generally 8.3mm-12mm such as E/F/H type. However, if the ATC needs to match a small diameter rope, select a small-diameter ATC. For example, the diameter of G and H, G is 7.5mm-8.2mm, and the diameter of H is 8.1mm-11mm.
3. Mechanical brake descender
Compared to the "8" type ring protector and ATC type protector, the operation of the mechanical brake type protector is much more complicated. In particular, there are very strict rules on the installation of ropes, and if they are wrong, they can directly lead to fatal dangers.
The use of mechanical brake protectors is also quite different from the use of "8" sub-rings and ATC-type protectors. They are generally used only for descent (single rope) and top rope protection (single rope). The most prominent advantage is that it can be self-locking and can be controlled like a stop by controlling the free rope end by hand to control the descent speed.
Adventure sports are inherently dangerous. It is the responsibility of each adventurer to use the equipment correctly and to use the technology properly. When the equipment is used incorrectly, the consequences are not related to this article.
Even if you have rich experience in exploration and use the equipment in full accordance with the correct operating procedures, you cannot avoid potential accidents caused by the natural environment and human factors. This is something that each explorer should know before engaging in the sport.
Advise each adventurer: Cherish life.
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