1. Fixed protection Fixed protection is a preset special protection for the walker or climber. The protector will carry out some kind of fixation on the master rope and choose the vantage point to protect it. It has been adopted when climbing rocky cliffs, ice cliffs and other technically complicated and dangerous road sections.
(1) The method of fixed protection can be divided into alternating, upper and lower protection modes according to the relative position of the protector and the protected person.
Alternating fixed protection
This type of protection is most often used when climbing through steeper hazards during mountaineering. The specific requirement is that only one person in a group can climb at the same time. Others stop climbing for protection. First, a steel cone or hailstone is driven into the slope ice surface as a firm fulcrum, and the main rope is wound on it according to specific requirements. After the climber walks a distance away from the master rope, he stops and acts as a protector (ibid.). Then the second person started climbing. Repeatedly in turn.
Fixed protection below
When the first person climbed the cliff, because there was no one above him, he could only use the fixed protection below, that is, the position of the protector was below the climber. The protective device also fixes one end of the main rope near the protector and the other end of the main rope is fastened to the body. As the climber progresses, he must continue to hung the master rope to the new fulcrum he hits into the cliff, and the protector will continue to perform rope release as the climber rises. When the climber mistakenly slips out, the pull of the protection protector comes from above, so it poses no threat to the protector. Under normal circumstances, there is no self-protection device under the climber.
The fixed protector fixed above to protect this kind of protection is above the protected person, and is mostly used when climbing rocky cliffs. The protector firmly fixes the main rope at the top of the cliff with the steel cones or natural objects that it hits. Then, it secures its body to the corresponding position on the main rope to prevent the climber from being affected when it falls off. Finally throw the other end of the main rope to the climber at the bottom of the cliff. The climber will firmly attach the rope to himself and notify him of the upward movement. The protector will continue to take ropes as the climber progresses.
(2) Methods commonly used for fixed protection include stand-up protection, sitting protection, and device protection.
Stand-by protection
The protector should first choose the protection position and protect himself. Then the body side stood on the rock. When standing, take the front (left or right) leg first. The ankle is on a favorable fulcrum. The leg is straight and the tip of the toes is pointing to the climber. The hind leg is slightly bent into a bow and arrow and the body's center of gravity falls on the hind leg to form a protection. posture. If the standing center of gravity is too high, there is a danger that the force will be pulled down once it is stressed.
In order to make the protection rope not easy to fall off, the protector should properly wind the rope on the body. The method is as follows: firstly, one end of the protection rope is wound from the inside to the right and the inside of the arm is wrapped around the rope, and the rope is protected. The upper part of the upper part of the body is placed on the back of the right or left shoulder, and the right and left hands are held on the chest. After the preparation for protection is done, the climber can be notified to climb. As the climber gradually rises, the protector is required to continuously retract the rope to protect it.
The method of collecting the rope is left or right arm flexion and elbow pull rope, right or left arm straight to the recovery rope, left or right hand rope down along the rope to grip the rope, right or left hand along the rope and move it to the front of the chest to hold the rope. Rope moves to protect climbers from climbing up. Once the climber erroneously falls off, the protector should perform the braking action in time, that is, on the basis of the firmness of both feet, the left or right shoulder retreats, the right or left shoulder quickly presses forward, and the protective cord wound around the body is pulled even further. Tight, so that shedding stops falling.
When descending, it is necessary to perform a rope releasing action. The method is as follows: When the right or left hand grips the tight rope, the left or right hand moves up along the rope, and at the same time releases the rope, and the left or right hand is pulled out with the rope. Move the rope to the chest. When the left or right hand holds the rope, the right or left hand slides down along the rope to the front of the abdomen. This way, the rope will gradually release.
(1) The method of fixed protection can be divided into alternating, upper and lower protection modes according to the relative position of the protector and the protected person.
Alternating fixed protection
This type of protection is most often used when climbing through steeper hazards during mountaineering. The specific requirement is that only one person in a group can climb at the same time. Others stop climbing for protection. First, a steel cone or hailstone is driven into the slope ice surface as a firm fulcrum, and the main rope is wound on it according to specific requirements. After the climber walks a distance away from the master rope, he stops and acts as a protector (ibid.). Then the second person started climbing. Repeatedly in turn.
Fixed protection below
When the first person climbed the cliff, because there was no one above him, he could only use the fixed protection below, that is, the position of the protector was below the climber. The protective device also fixes one end of the main rope near the protector and the other end of the main rope is fastened to the body. As the climber progresses, he must continue to hung the master rope to the new fulcrum he hits into the cliff, and the protector will continue to perform rope release as the climber rises. When the climber mistakenly slips out, the pull of the protection protector comes from above, so it poses no threat to the protector. Under normal circumstances, there is no self-protection device under the climber.
The fixed protector fixed above to protect this kind of protection is above the protected person, and is mostly used when climbing rocky cliffs. The protector firmly fixes the main rope at the top of the cliff with the steel cones or natural objects that it hits. Then, it secures its body to the corresponding position on the main rope to prevent the climber from being affected when it falls off. Finally throw the other end of the main rope to the climber at the bottom of the cliff. The climber will firmly attach the rope to himself and notify him of the upward movement. The protector will continue to take ropes as the climber progresses.
(2) Methods commonly used for fixed protection include stand-up protection, sitting protection, and device protection.
Stand-by protection
The protector should first choose the protection position and protect himself. Then the body side stood on the rock. When standing, take the front (left or right) leg first. The ankle is on a favorable fulcrum. The leg is straight and the tip of the toes is pointing to the climber. The hind leg is slightly bent into a bow and arrow and the body's center of gravity falls on the hind leg to form a protection. posture. If the standing center of gravity is too high, there is a danger that the force will be pulled down once it is stressed.
In order to make the protection rope not easy to fall off, the protector should properly wind the rope on the body. The method is as follows: firstly, one end of the protection rope is wound from the inside to the right and the inside of the arm is wrapped around the rope, and the rope is protected. The upper part of the upper part of the body is placed on the back of the right or left shoulder, and the right and left hands are held on the chest. After the preparation for protection is done, the climber can be notified to climb. As the climber gradually rises, the protector is required to continuously retract the rope to protect it.
The method of collecting the rope is left or right arm flexion and elbow pull rope, right or left arm straight to the recovery rope, left or right hand rope down along the rope to grip the rope, right or left hand along the rope and move it to the front of the chest to hold the rope. Rope moves to protect climbers from climbing up. Once the climber erroneously falls off, the protector should perform the braking action in time, that is, on the basis of the firmness of both feet, the left or right shoulder retreats, the right or left shoulder quickly presses forward, and the protective cord wound around the body is pulled even further. Tight, so that shedding stops falling.
When descending, it is necessary to perform a rope releasing action. The method is as follows: When the right or left hand grips the tight rope, the left or right hand moves up along the rope, and at the same time releases the rope, and the left or right hand is pulled out with the rope. Move the rope to the chest. When the left or right hand holds the rope, the right or left hand slides down along the rope to the front of the abdomen. This way, the rope will gradually release.
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