(-) cross wood grain sand marks

1

. On the surface of the characteristic wood, there are sand marks in the direction of the transverse fibers.

2

. The reason for using the broken paper sand to remove the surface wood wool of the product, due to the direction of the horizontal wood fiber sanding, and the sand surface fiber

Dimension left countless impressions.

3

. Precautions must be sanded in the direction of the fiber to be smooth and sand-free.

4

. If the repair method is light, it can be sanded away in the direction of the fiber. If the horizontal mark is deep and difficult to remove, it should be hand-planned or broken with a sander.

(2) Filled hole coating depression

1

. The feature refers to the putty-coated putty putty, which shows shrinkage and depression after drying.

2

. The reason is that the putty is too thin, or not filled, or smoothed without sanding.

3

. Precautions The consistency of the putty should be increased appropriately; the putty under the scraper should be a little more when scraping, and the putty should be scraped slightly

Fill it into the hole to make it dense; after sanding, it is best to use a sandpaper to wrap a smooth soft block for sanding. The pressure of sanding should not be too large, but the speed should be fast.

4

. The repair method then scrapes a putty or oil old powder, and the sand is smooth after drying.

(three) old white hibiscus

1

. When the water is filled with old powder or old oil, the floating powder on the surface of the product is not clean, the color is not uniform, the wood grain is not clear, and it is often compared to the big flower face of Beijing Opera.

2

. The reason for the production of the surface of the cinnabar is smooth; the old powder is unevenly applied; the climate is dry, the surface floats dry and the knot

Block, too late to mean clean.

3

. Preventive measures will completely remove the surface wood wool on the surface of the white blank, so that it is smooth and smooth; it is necessary to quickly point out the surface floating powder, and strive to evenly color the color; if the weather is dry, it can be divided into blocks to make it clear before the drying. Surface floating powder.

4

. The repair method is immediately reworked and reworked.

(four) sesame white

1

. After the surface of the characteristic product is dyed, it presents a white spot densely resembling sesame.

2

. The cause of the wood wool on the surface of the product is not completely removed.

3

. Precautions must thoroughly remove the wood wool from the perimeter of the product to make it smooth and smooth.

4

. If the repair method is not serious, the sesame white can be eliminated by color matching; generally, the surface sand should be polished with water sandpaper.

Slide and then re-stain.

(5) Bite the bottom

1

. The solvent in the characteristic topcoat softens the primer film and even lifts the primer film.

2

Causes: Because the bottom and topcoats are not matched, the solvent in the topcoat dissolves the primer coating film; when the primer coating is dry, the topcoat is applied, and the primer coating is easily broken; the topcoat is brushed. The paint brush is too hard, the number of repeated paintings is too much, or the force is too large, and the primer coating brush is broken.

3

. Precautionary measures, topcoats should be matched, and should be firmly joined to each other. The solvent in the topcoat should not dissolve the primer coating film; the primer coating must be basically dry, or even completely dried before the finish can be applied; When applying the topcoat, the brush of the paint brush should not be too hard, the force should not be too strong, and the number of repeated brushings should not be too much. Repeated brushing for 1 to 2 times should be applied evenly.

4

. If the area of ​​the bottoming is relatively small, the primer coating film is not obviously lifted, and the finishing should be stopped immediately. After the primer coating is applied, the topcoat is applied, or the topcoat matching the primer is used. If the bottom is severe, the primer coating will basically fall off, and the solvent will be cleaned immediately after application. After drying, the sand will be smooth and repainted with the matching bottom and topcoat.

(6) sag

1

. The coating on the vertical coated surface is subjected to gravity and appears to be like a tear-like or microwave-like phenomenon.

2

. The coating of the coating is too thick; the viscosity of the coating is too small; the solvent of the coating is too slow; the heavy pigment in the paint is too much, the adhesion is poor; the pigment in the paint is unevenly ground, the pigment is poorly wet; The layer is uneven, especially the coating at the corners and depressions is too thick; the distance between the spray gun and the surface to be coated is not uniform during spraying, so that the coating is uneven; the surface to be coated is uneven or greasy on the surface.

3

. Precautions to increase the viscosity of the coating (a small amount of talc may be added, or the coating may be opened to partially evaporate the solvent);

For paints containing oil, add appropriate amount of drier, use solvent to refer to greasy or waxy surface on the surface of the surface; spray should maintain a reasonable distance between the spray gun and the surface to be coated; the coating should not be too thick and evenly coated; Use a solvent with a faster volatilization rate as a thinner for the paint; if it is painted with a paint brush, use a little force for the brush, first brush the horizontal brush, then brush it evenly, then brush it vertically from top to bottom to brush Remove too much paint.

4

. Repair method After the coating is completely dry and conjunctival, the sharp burrow is basically leveled with a sharp chisel.

After use

The coarse water sandpaper of around 280 and soapy water smooth the entire running surface and repaint it.

(7) bleeding

1

. The characteristic topcoat solvent dissolves the primer coating film, so that the color in the bottom layer or the primer penetrates into the top layer of the topcoat varnish layer

a phenomenon.

2

. If the reason is transparent, it is generally because the primer coating film is too thin and the sealing property is poor; if the primer coating is not dry, the topcoat is applied; the bottom and topcoats are not matched, and the topcoat solvent dissolves the primer film, which leads to filling The pigment in the pit coat is saturated and floats up into the top layer of the topcoat. If it is opaque, it will be coated with varnish because the solvent characteristic paint in the varnish is dissolved, or the paint is not dried, so that the pigment coating pigment floats up to the varnish coating, so that the varnish coating is partially formed. Color, while affecting decorative performance .

3

. Precautions should be appropriate to increase the thickness of the primer coating; the bottom and topcoat are matched; the primer or paint should be allowed to dry before applying the topcoat.

4

. After the whole coating is sufficient, the sanding paper and soapy water will be used to sand off the bleeding surface, and the color will be replenished.

Bottom, topcoat.

(eight) orange peel

1

. The surface of the characteristic Xu film is rough and uneven like orange peel.

2

. The cause is that the viscosity of the coating is too high or the solvent evaporates too quickly, which makes the leveling of the material unfavorable; when the air pressure is applied, the pressure is too small or the spraying distance is too large, so that the coating is not tightly combined.

3

. Preventive measures Use a less volatile solvent as a tackifying diluent to reduce viscosity and increase leveling; increase

Air pressure of air pressure spray, and adjust the spray distance.

4.

Repair method: After the coating is fully dried to form a film, sand the sand film with water and sandpaper and soapy water, and then repaint.

(9) wrinkled skin

1

. The surface of the characteristic paint film presents a small curved pattern resembling the wrinkles of the elderly's face.

2

. The cause is that the coating is too thick and begins to be blown by the wind or the drying temperature is too high, so that the surface solvent evaporates too quickly, causing the surface layer to shrink and form wrinkles.

3

. Precautions The coating of the Xu decoration should not be too thick, the temperature at which the coating starts to dry should not be too high, nor can it be blown by the wind;

The solvent evaporation rate of the Xu material is not too fast.

4

. The repair method is the same as that of "orange peel".

(10) Shrinkage (shrinking, laughing)

1

. After the paint is applied to the deep surface, it shrinks into many different small circular vortices. The image is like "hemp

"face" or "dimple" on the face. Shrinkage is common in varnishes, especially varnishes such as polyurethane, epoxy, polyester, etc. Red lacquer is also often shrinkage.

2

. The main reason for this is that the coating is over-polymerized, the viscosity is high, the silicone-containing oil is too much, the proportion of strong solvent is small, the solvent evaporates too quickly, and the grease is mixed. The storage period is short (especially natural resin varnish) is not mature, the coated surface is too smooth or oil and wax, the construction environment temperature is too low, the coated surface is acid, broken impurities, silicon group impurities in the air, the spray gun tube Oil or the like is mixed into the road, causing the cohesive force of the coating to be greater than the adhesion to the surface to be coated to cause shrinkage.

3

. Precautionary measures take the corresponding preventive measures for the reasons for the above-mentioned knitting. For example in polyurethane coatings

Can only add a few hundred thousand

201 methyl silicone oil as a defoaming agent, if the amount is too much, it will cause the knitting, and the dosage should be strictly controlled. If a suitable strong solvent (such as cyclohexanone) is added to reduce the viscosity of the coating, it is advantageous to reduce the number of pores. It is also possible to use a solvent to refer to the grease on the surface to be coated and then finish the finish. For amino coatings, epoxy coatings, alkyd coatings, it is also possible to increase the amount of silicone oil as appropriate. Take a little paint first and then add it beforehand, and pay attention to the amount can not be excessive).

4

. Remedy If the shrinkage is found, stop painting immediately and leave the coating before it is dry. The coating is cleaned with the applied coating solvent, and then water sand is applied with 300 to 500 water sandpaper. Then finish with a finished topcoat.

(11) Pinhole

1

. The surface of the characteristic Xu film presents many small concave circles with a phenomenon similar to solid particles in the center.

2

. The cause of the coating has begun to form due to the mixing of bubbles and solvent vapor in the Xu layer.

Forming a soft film, and obstructing the free evaporation of bubbles and solvent vapor under the soft film, causing bubbles under the soft film and solvent vapor to form a certain pressure to break through the soft film, so that many small pores are left on the soft film. After shrinking, it becomes a so-called pinhole.

3

. Precautions Do not bring in air when stirring the paint; remove the bubbles of the coating when brushing;

The degree should be small to facilitate the free escape of the bubble; the temperature at which the coating begins to dry should not be too high, nor should it be blown by the wind, in order to prevent the surface layer from prematurely, and prevent a large amount of bubbles from escaping and solvent evaporation in the layer; No solvent can be left in the undercoat film; the nozzle that overcomes the air pressure spray is too small, the steam pressure is too small, and the spray distance is too far, so that the air is brought into the pinhole caused by the coating.

4

. After the coating is fully dried, it is sanded with water sandpaper and soapy water, and the re-coating viscosity is small.

Bubble-free paint.

(12) Foaming

  1. There are many bubbles of different sizes in the characteristic coating film, which make the surface uneven.

    2. 2

    . The cause is due to the too fast conjunctiva on the surface of the Xu layer, so that the bubbles and solvent vapor in the coating cannot be eliminated, forming a gas pressure.

    The coating film is lifted up to form bubbles; the second is the moisture and moisture on the underlying coating film, and the air in the unsealed wood grain holes, which are discharged upward during the drying process of the coating layer thereon, and are blocked by the surface coating film. If bubbles are formed in the coating film; if the polyurethane coating is mixed with moisture, or the coating construction environment is humid, it is easy to react to form carbon dioxide, which causes numerous small bubbles to form in the coating film, and the more humid the coating construction environment, the easier it is to foam; The coating will be foamed when exposed to sunlight or when the drying temperature is too high, and the thicker the coating, the more severe the foaming will occur.

    3

    . Precautions The environment for finishing construction should be dry; the surface of the underlying coating should be free of air; the grain of the wood should be completely sealed; the coating (especially polyurethane coating) should not be mixed with water, and all thinners, containers and tools should not contain moisture. The temperature at which the coating begins to dry should not be too high, nor can it be exposed to sunlight; the viscosity of the coating should be appropriate and should not be too large.

    4

    . The repair method foams the coating film of nitro, shellac and other coatings, and can use their solvents to wipe the coating film, so that the coating film dissolves, so that the bubbles are dispersed, and then coated with paint. smooth. For the glue that is difficult to dissolve with the solvent, after sufficiently drying, the pores formed by the bubbles are thoroughly smoothed and refinished with sandpaper.

    (13) whitish

    1

    . The coating of the characteristic volatile paint produces a hazy ambiguity and loss of luster during the drying process.

    2

    . The cause is that the humidity in the construction environment is too large, and the moisture in the air directly enters the coating; or when the air temperature is low and the humidity is high, the solvent volatilization speed in the coating quickly causes the surface temperature of the layer to drop sharply, and the air is most easily The moisture in the coating condenses on the surface of the coating to immerse the moisture in the coating, resulting in a hazy whitish white, and this blush is referred to as "moist whitening." Coatings such as nitro and shellac coatings are most likely to cause such blushing. Then, because the true solvent in the coating volatilizes too much faster than the thinner, some of the resin in the coating precipitates into a white precipitate, which makes the coating white, and this whitening is called "resin whitening". .

    3

    . Precautions should increase the temperature of the finishing environment to reduce the humidity of the air; in the coating, the boiling point of the true solvent and the diluent should be appropriately increased, and the boiling point of the true solvent in the coating should be slightly greater than or equal to the boiling point of the diluent.

    4

    . The repair method immediately raises the coating drying temperature appropriately. If conditions permit, it is best to dry the coating with an infrared radiator to evaporate moisture from the coating; gently brush a thin layer of the coating at the whitish coating. The true solvent dissolves the resin precipitated in the coating into a continuous coating or frees the water vapor in the coating to evaporate freely. For the whitening of the shellac paint, a small amount of turpentine oil can be used to wipe the whitish area, and the water vapor immediately evaporates from the coating.

    (14) Surface roughness

    1

    . The surface of the characteristic coating film has various particles and appears rough.

    2

    . Causes of impurities in the paint; the finishing tools are not clean; the construction environment is dusty.

    3

    . Precautions must be filtered with a 200 mesh net or cloth; the finishing tools should be cleaned with solvent; the construction environment should be thoroughly cleaned and free of dust from the air.

    4

    . The repair method is to be coated on a hard film, sanded and smoothed with sandpaper, and then repainted.

    (15) Wear through

    1

    . When sanding with sandpaper, the coating film is partially sanded, and even the color layer on the surface of the product is sanded off.

    2

    . The sandpaper used for the reason is too thick; the sanding force is too strong; the water sand is not added with soapy water.

    3

    . Precautionary measures should be appropriate for the thickness of the sandpaper; the force should not be too large when sanding, especially pay attention to the force at the edge of the sanding edge; the water sand should be added with soapy water.

    4

    . The repairing method refills and finishes the paint on the surface color layer of the product to be cut off; only sands the coating film and repaints the paint. After the coating to be repaired is dried, sanding with water sandpaper is smooth.

    (16) bruises

    1. After the characteristic coating film is polished, a deep-colored scar or a streak mark is partially present.

    2. The cause of the polishing paste is too much, and the force is too strong when polishing, so that the temperature rise of the coating film is too high, resulting in excessive softening of the coating, and being scratched or burned.

      3. 3

      . Precautions The amount of polishing paste should be appropriate, and the polishing paste on the polishing roller or polished cotton yarn should be evenly distributed and cannot be bonded into a block; the manual polishing force should be uniform and not too strong; the mechanical polishing should be used to polish the surface of the coating film. The pressure should be appropriate.

      4

      . Repair method After the film is cooled, remove the sand by using sandpaper and soapy water, and then use a cotton ball to make up the topcoat. After the coating is dry, grind the water and polish it.

      (17) Loss of light

      1

      . Wherein the glossy coating conjunctiva, but over time, gloss, reduced or completely disappear.

      2

      . The cause is the quality of the coating. For example, the amount of the resin is too small, the amount of the diluent is too much, the pigment of the color paint contains more water, the components in the coating are incompatible with each other or the polymerization degree is improper, and the storage is expired and deteriorated. Second, the surface of the object to be coated has mineral oil, alkali, moisture, wax and other dirt or flatness is not good. Third, the topcoat is painted without a dry finish. The solvent in the topcoat will redissolve or pick up the undried portion, causing the topcoat to lose its light. Fourth, the surface of the glued surface is damp and easy to lose light.

      3

      . Preventive measures use good quality paint , can not use the metamorphic coating; the treated surface should be treated carefully and must be clean and smooth.

      4

      . Repair method Sand the rubberized surface with water sandpaper to make it clean, and then paint a good quality paint.

      (18) Back to the sticky

      1

      . After the characteristic coating is dried and formed into a film, there is still a sticking phenomenon, and it is difficult to become a soft and hard coating.

      2

      . The cause of the solvent in the coating is poorly released, and it is difficult to completely evaporate from the coating; the coating is too thick to form a film to prevent evaporation of the solvent in the inner layer; for the oxidized coating (grease paint, natural paint), the coating must be oxidized. The reaction can be cured. If the surface layer of the coating first consolidates, it will prevent the oxygen in the air from entering the coating, which will make it difficult to completely cure the deep layer. If the oil-containing coating is dry, the catalyst is insufficient or the drier is contained in the drier. Inappropriate proportions can also make coatings difficult to fully cure; some coatings are sensitive to waxiness, such as nitro coatings, which are difficult to fully cure, and many other factors can cause the coating to stick back. phenomenon.

      3

      . Precautions should be evenly applied every time the coating is applied; for oil-containing coatings, a comprehensive drier should be added to the leveling performance, and a solvent and diluent with better release properties should be selected; the dryness and temperature of the finishing environment should be improved; Make the coated surface clean, smooth and smooth.

      4

      . The repair method uses an infrared dryer to re-dry and accelerate it. If it is not dry, it should be thoroughly washed away with a solvent and re-applied. If it is not allowed to pass for a certain period of time, it should be fully dried before use.

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      1. Classification by function:
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