Diabetes, an international journal, recently published the research progress made by Guo Feifan's research group at the Institute of Nutrition, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences on leucine deficiency regulating insulin sensitivity.
Insulin resistance is a common feature of many metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver. The main ways to alleviate insulin resistance are to improve living habits and medication. At present, people are beginning to pay attention to changing the content of micronutrients in the diet to alleviate insulin resistance.
In the previous study, Guo Feifan and others found that the lack of leucine, an essential amino acid, can reduce insulin secretion in mice but keep the blood glucose concentration unchanged. This phenomenon suggests that leucine deficiency can improve the body's insulin sensitivity. Xiao Fei, a PhD student under the guidance of Researcher Guo Feifan, confirmed this hypothesis at the cellular and animal levels, respectively. They found that leucine deficiency enhances insulin sensitivity by activating GCN2 (General Control Nonderepressible) and down-regulating mTOR (Mammalian Target of Rapamycin) / S6K1. In addition, AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) is also involved in this process.
This study reveals the new function of GCN2 in regulating insulin sensitivity and provides a possible way to alleviate insulin resistance.
This work was supported by the Research Fund of Ministry of Science and Technology 973 Program, Natural Science Foundation of China, Shanghai Science and Technology Commission, Chinese Academy of Sciences and other departments.
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