For patients with infectious diseases, a vacuum-cleaning operating room should be built.
Method: An effective means such as adding an exhaust fan should be adopted to adjust the exhaust air volume, so that the clean operating room changes from positive pressure to negative pressure.
Result: The negative air pressure difference is used in the clean area to control the airflow, absorb harmful gases, and clean the indoor air.
Conclusion: The use of a negative pressure operating room can fundamentally control and solve the problem of air pollution in the operating room. A vacuum operating room usually includes a ventilation system to allow air to flow from the corridor or any adjacent area into the negative pressure operating room while ensuring that contaminated air cannot escape from the negative operating room and into other areas of the hospital and health facility. .
Under natural conditions, air flows from the high pressure zone to the low pressure zone. If the operating room is under negative pressure, the outside air will continuously flow into the room from under the door, while preventing the gaseous pollutants that grow in the room from escaping and entering the outer corridor. As an example of a common negative pressure chamber, a bathroom with an exhaust fan is a negative pressure chamber. After the negative pressure condition is formed, the bathroom door is closed and the fan will block the unpleasant smell and moisture from escaping the bathroom.
To create a negative pressure condition, you can balance the room's ventilation system so that more air is automatically vented than automatically supplied air. This creates an unbalanced ventilation and the room ventilation system constantly draws in air from outside the room to replenish. In a well-designed negative pressure chamber, air flows in completely through a gap (usually about one-half inch high) below the door. In addition to this gap, the negative pressure chamber should be sealed as much as possible to prevent air from entering through various other cracks and gaps, such as various gaps around the window, wall lighting and sockets. Even if the room has achieved negative pressure conditions, the air leaking in these places may offset or eliminate the negative pressure condition of the room.
The minimum pressure difference required to achieve and maintain room negative pressure so that air flows into the room is very small (0.001 inch of the water gauge). The actual implementation of the negative pressure value depends on the difference between the ventilation system air consumption and the supply and the structure and size of the room, including the air flow path and the flow opening. If the room is well sealed, it is easy to achieve a negative pressure above 0.001 inch water level gauge. However, if the room is not well sealed, as is the case with many health facilities (especially older medical facilities), achieving a larger negative pressure value may require a difference in emissions/supply that is greater than the ventilation system capacity.
To achieve a negative pressure environment under normal operating conditions of a ventilation system, first adjust the air flow supply and emissions of the room to achieve a 10% higher or 50 cubic feet per minute (depending on the higher value). ) Just fine. In most cases, this standard will achieve a negative pressure of at least 0.001 inch water gauge. If the negative pressure of the 0.001 inch water gauge cannot be achieved and cannot be achieved by increasing the flow differential (within the allowable range of the ventilation system), the chamber should be carefully inspected for gaps (eg door joints, window seams, plumbing and various Insert the wall device, etc.) and then take remedial measures to seal the cracks.
The negative pressure value in the room can be changed by changing the ventilation system or opening and closing the door, hallway door or window of the room. If an operational structure has been established, ensure that all doors and windows in the negative pressure chamber and other areas (such as corridor doors that affect air pressure) are properly closed, except when personnel need to enter or leave the room or area.
How can hospital operating room purification engineering be designed to meet functional requirements?
Smoke test: The smoke test is a very simple procedure used to determine if a room is under negative pressure.
Specific method: Place a fire tube under the negative pressure chamber door and keep it about 2 inches away from the door. Gently squeeze the bulb of the fire tube to give the tube a small amount of fumes. Hold the fire tube in parallel with the door, and the smoke will slowly drain from the pipe to ensure that the smoke is discharged at a lower speed than the air. If the room is under negative pressure, smoke will flow into the room from below the door. If the room is in a non-negative pressure condition, the smoke will blow out of the door or remain stationary. The test must be carried out with the door kept closed and all windows in the room must be closed. If the room's air purifier is already running (including a fume hood or biosafety cabinet), it must remain operational. If the room has a reception room, the pressure difference from the corridor to the reception room and the reception room to the room should be tested.
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