Five-year-old little doll holding a mobile phone in her arms, fingertips skilfully sliding on the screen, "Watermelon" cut quickly; after eating, he went to the computer, open the video site, and watch the "strong head" He laughed; he had to listen to a set of “Good Night Little Sheep†in the evening, otherwise he wouldn’t sleep.... This scene became commonplace in today’s Internet age.
China Internet Information Center statistics show that as of the end of 2015, the total number of Internet users in China has reached 688 million. Internet users under the age of 19 account for 24.1% of all Internet users, of whom more than 18 million are under 10 years of age. "More and more small worms", how to avoid disadvantages, and guide children's safety online? How to defend against infringement and build a secure network environment? These are worth paying attention to.
Ageing on the Internet has become a common phenomenon
"How old is the child starting to contact the internet?"
Ms. Qin of Wuhan in Hubei Province wanted to say: “It should be two or three years old. When the child is crying, how can he not be good? I will show the child the pictures and animations on the mobile phone, and the child will immediately calm down. I'm used to shifting the child's attention in this way, but I found that this is actually a wrong way. Now that the child wants to watch cartoons every day, he doesn't show him temperament. It's really a headache. â€
In China, such "small worms" have become important members of the Internet army. Not long ago, Tencent released the "Guidelines for Children's Safety Internet Access." The data shows that 90% of Chinese children (referring to minors under the age of 18) have access to the Internet in their daily lives, of which urban children's contact rate is nearly 95%. The age of first contact with children is also getting smaller and smaller. The report points out that 56% of children's initial online age is less than 5 years old.
“Today is an Internet era. Children live in such an environment. The Internet is their way of life. They are the real 'network aborigines'.†said Sun Hongyan, an expert in the Youth Development Service Alliance for Youth, “We often You will see such a phenomenon, parents use small games to play with children, take small videos for children, and even some mothers give their children nurses in one hand, and they also hold mobile phones and brush their friends. In such an environment, the children inevitably become bored. Therefore, the Internet The younger age is also a normal phenomenon, and it can be predicted that the time for the network to enter the world of children's life will be getting earlier and earlier, and the degree will be deeper and deeper, and the network will inevitably become an important force influencing children's lives."
Cyber ​​risks tend to be more hidden
He mentioned that Mr. Song of the Swan Lake Community in Hefei, Anhui Province was angry. "A child couldn't stop playing the game and turn his eyes nearer." Mr. Song sighed. "The bad news in the network is really overwhelming." Mr. Yuan of Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province, is often on the site. The accidental window popped: "When you browse the news, you suddenly see a dialog box or small video. Many of the contents are unhealthy. As parents, I am very worried if the child sees such information. Would you like to watch it because of curiosity?"
Children have many risks when they go online. In the "Children's Network Protection Survey" initiated by Tencent, online fraud, bad information, and cyberbullying have become the three major dangers that children face in the online process. Among them, the highest rate of network fraud is 61%. According to the latest data released by the China Youth Research Center in 2016, high-school students in China suffer from online infringement. 47.2% of high school students had experience of network password theft, 42.3% received false payment requests on the Internet, and 17.0% of online shopping had been deceived. In addition, 7.5 per cent of threats were threatened on the Internet, 7% of personal photos or videos were maliciously spread online, and 5 per cent of online gangs were bullied.
Internet fraud and hacking are easy to cause property risks; long-term attention to bad information can easily lead to criminal offenses; cyberbullying and harassment can easily lead to psychological harm... Compared to risks in daily life, cyber risks are separated from the sight of schools and families. So often more hidden, it is more likely to lead to serious consequences.
Parents do not need to talk about network changes
As children grow older, young people use the Internet more frequently and the purpose of using the network changes. According to the "Guidebook for Children's Safe Internet Access", for young people under 8 years of age and preschoolers, watching videos, playing games, listening to stories and other entertainment are the main purpose of surfing the Internet. For upper school students and junior high school students, playing games and Writing jobs account for most of their online time.
Is it OK for children to go online? According to the survey data, among adult respondents, 26% believe that children use Internet benefits more than harm, and 34% believe that the harm is more than benefits, and the rest do not think it is easy to say. 77.4% of parents will use the Internet for positive intervention or guidance. In general, parents pay more attention to children's online security.
"Using an old saying, the Internet is indeed a 'double-edged sword'." Zhao Xi, an associate researcher at the China Youth Research Center, said, "Parents' anxiety about children's access to the Internet is reflected in many aspects. The first is the impact on health and the impact of screen reading. Children's vision and sedentary influence the growth and development of children; followed by the impact on learning cognition, worry about the Internet easily lead to children's distractions in learning, abstract thinking and derogation, etc.; third is the impact on behavior, fear of children in contact with bad information, imitate bad behavior; The fourth is the impact on personality, the lack of social interaction among children, the decrease in interpersonal skills, etc. These concerns are not without reason, but parents do not need to talk about network changes. After all, the convenience and sharing of the Internet provides children with New ways of learning, ways of thinking, ways of life, ways to make friends. Internet access is an important capability that children should master from an early age."
Create a cyber security environment
How to avoid children's online risk? Tencent’s “Guidelines for Safeguarding the Growth of Small Citizens†launched by Popular Science China recommends that young people not to reveal personal privacy and key information at will, not to believe in “free lunches†on the Internet, to ignore bad information, and not to open up strange links or Emails sent by strangers should not be met alone with strangers. In addition, once you find something wrong, you need to consult with your parents for the first time.
The network is a public place, allowing network security awareness to take root and letting the cyberspace environment become clear. All parties need to work together.
Helping children develop good internet usage habits from a young age, and develop necessary media information literacy, parents should take the first responsibility. Experts suggest that "sparse and not block", moderate Internet access, according to the age of the child to choose the right digital products.
“Some parents think that I do not have access to the Internet and my family does not have access to the Internet and do not use computers, so the child is safe. However, our survey found that the more parents reject the Internet, the higher the proportion of children with Internet addiction.†Sun Hongyan said, “ Parents also need to understand the Internet, accept the Internet, and learn from each other and grow together."
For schools, cybersecurity education should become one of the courses. The China Youth Research Center conducted a survey on the safety awareness among senior high school students from China, the United States, Japan and South Korea, and found that Chinese high school students who had received cybersecurity education were the least among the four countries, only 60%. According to Jiang, an associate professor at Peking University’s School of Education, the school’s information technology course should focus on improving students’ overall information literacy, strengthen cybersecurity education, help children recognize cybersecurity threats around them, and increase individual awareness of prevention.
It is the responsibility of the government to strengthen the governance of the network environment. Xie Yongjiang, deputy director of the Center for Internet Governance and Legal Studies at Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, said: “The government should further regulate network operations, implement a scientific information classification system, formulate industry standards, accelerate the process of network legislation, improve the legal supervision measures, and effectively resolve cyber risks.â€
In addition, Internet companies should also strengthen industry self-regulation and create a safe network environment. Yang Peng, director of the Tencent Information Security Executive Committee, said that Internet companies should actively prevent and control various kinds of network bad information so that children can correctly and moderately conduct online entertainment. For example, targeted special protection designs for online entertainment and game products with a high rate of use of minors, anti-obsession mechanisms, and prevention and filtering of information that may harm children.
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