In order to reduce the transparency of the paper, it is usually necessary to add a moderate filler to the paper. Since the filler has fine particles, high hardness, optical performance better than the fiber, and can not form hydrogen bonding, it will affect the properties of the paper Today, let us count the various effects of fillers on paper properties.
1. Increase the opacity of paper
The addition of filler particles changes the interface between the fiber and the air established by the original plant fibers, forming an increased number of interfaces between fiber and air, filler particles and air, and fiber and filler particles. Multi-level refraction increases paper opacity.
The filler particles are relatively small, the specific surface area is large, and the refractive index is large, which increases the scattering coefficient (ie, diffusion) of the paper and improves the opacity of the paper. The increase in opacity is related to the type of filler particles (refractive index), particle size, and particle shape. A large refractive index has a good effect on increasing opacity. A small particle is better than a large particle, and the particle shape is mostly spherical.
As the proportion of filler in the paper increases, the opacity of the paper increases rapidly, and then gradually stabilizes; that is, the opacity will not increase again if the filling rate is excessively increased.
2. The effect of filler addition on paper brightness
When the types of pulp and filler are certain, when the pulp beating degree is low, the addition reduces the paper brightness, and when the pulp beating degree is high, the addition increases the paper brightness, which may be related to the beating that changes the combination or distribution of plant fibers and filler particles.
When the brightness of the filler is higher than the brightness of the pulp, when the brightness of the pulp is low, the filling will increase the brightness of the paper (larger); when the brightness of the pulp is higher, the brightness of the paper will be less. When the brightness of the filler is lower than the brightness of the pulp, when the brightness of the pulp is low, the filling will reduce the brightness of the paper less; when the brightness of the pulp is higher, the brightness of the paper decreases slightly.
3. The effect of filler on paper surface smoothness and printing performance
The addition of fillers generally improves the smoothness of the paper after calendering. Under the influence of calender rolls, the finer particles tend to redirect and fill the voids of the fibers, making the paper surface smoother. After filling, the paper is denser and has better shape stability. The smooth and dense surface of the paper makes the picture and text clearer during printing, and the better absorption of the ink by the filler makes the printing effect better.
Due to excessive filling or other improper operations that cause the paper to fall off, it will have an adverse effect on printing and should be paid attention to in production.
4. Effect of filler on paper strength
Filler particles occupy fiber voids and fiber spaces, hinder the bonding of plant fibers to fibers, and reduce their strength. When the amount of filler is relatively small, the impact on tensile strength, burst strength, flexural strength, etc. is less; the increase in filler amount will cause a greater decrease in tensile strength, burst strength, flexural strength, etc.
Adding a small amount of filler will increase the bulk of the paper; when filling at a high level, it will reduce the bulk of most paper.
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